The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) provides a standardized grading system to categorize language proficiency globally. This system comprises three primary levels – A, B, and C, each split further into two sub-levels denoted by 1 and 2. Universities, state institutions, and commercial organizations widely accept this grading system. Consequently, this standard is often required when applying for a job or further studies.

Here’s a guide to understanding your current English level and tips for advancing to the next stage.

A Breakdown of English Proficiency Levels

Determining one’s proficiency in a language can be a complex task. For instance, you might be comfortable speaking about various topics but need help with writing. Or you might be adept at casual conversations about weather or news but stumble with more nuanced topics or grammatical constructs.

Below are the different English proficiency levels to help you understand where you stand.

Beginner Level A1-A2

Everyone starts at level A1 when learning a new language, including English. At this stage, learners familiarize themselves with basic language components, such as greetings, self-introductions, numbers, colors, weekdays, and other simple phrases needed for everyday communication.

Level A2 deepens the learner’s language comprehension. At this level, learners form simple sentences, discuss daily routines, express preferences, interact in stores, and engage in basic question-answer dialogues. Here, learners begin to incorporate essential grammar into their writing, including tenses such as the present simple and continuous.

Assessment at these levels includes tests of listening, reading, writing, and speaking abilities and their application in everyday contexts.

Intermediate Level B1-B2

After beginners comes the intermediate level, starting at B1 and progressing to B2.

At the B1 level, learners can engage in discussions on a wide range of topics, understand the main ideas in spoken or written texts, describe events, and articulate their views. They also delve into more intricate grammar, mastering various tenses and conditional sentences.

The B2 level signifies a more advanced grasp of the language, enabling learners to converse fluidly with native speakers. At this level, learners can comprehend complex texts, follow rapid speech, articulate detailed thoughts, and discuss specialized subjects. The B2 level also prepares learners to use English in academic and professional contexts.

Typically, achieving the B2 level implies readiness to live and work in a native English-speaking country, comfortably partaking in day-to-day processes.

Advanced Level C1-C2

Those proficient at the C1 level can converse fluently, understand complex and specialized texts, partake in intricate discussions, and use a rich vocabulary with correct grammar. They can also compose complex texts like articles, reports, essays, letters, and express their thoughts confidently and clearly.

Level C2 represents the pinnacle of English proficiency. This level equips learners with the ability to understand virtually anything spoken or written in English and participate in any discussion or negotiation.

Assessments at this level evaluate listening, reading, writing, and speaking skills and the ability to communicate with native speakers.

Assessing Your English Level

There are various methods to ascertain your English proficiency level. Some of the most recognized standards include:

• Cambridge English Language Assessment: a branch of the University of Cambridge that devises and administers English language exams. The exam levels correspond to the CEFR levels and are recognized worldwide by many universities, employers, and government agencies.
• IELTS (International English Language Testing System): this internationally acknowledged English language testing system measures reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills.
• TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language): this standardized test assesses non-native English speakers’ language proficiency and is widely accepted by universities, especially in North America.
• EF SET (EF Standard English Test): this free online test developed by EF Education First assesses reading and listening skills in English and takes about 50 minutes to complete.

Improving Your English Level

It generally takes 3 to 6 months of regular lessons to progress one level (e.g., from A1 to A2). Language experts recommend guided learning under the supervision of experienced tutors.

Reinforcing learned skills requires regular listening exercises, watching movies and TV shows in English, and conversing with native speakers.

With consistent effort and practice, you can transition from a beginner to an advanced English speaker in 1-2 years. This skill can significantly enhance your career prospects, academic pursuits, and general life experiences.